Optical microscopy as a simple method for analysis of boiler tube failure
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30544/461Keywords:
Boiler tube, Austenite, Bainite, Widmanstätten ferrite, Overheating, FailureAbstract
A severely damaged low carbon steel boiler tube was the object of this investigation. Detailed microstructural characterization was performed by optical microscopy, whereas scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was applied only in a few cases. Results show that a variety of microstructures was formed in the material of the damaged boiler tube during its exploitation. The failure of the tube is the result of very inhomogeneous overheating. The side of the boiler tube toward fire (F) was exposed to high overheating temperature, which in some locations was well above the A3 transformation temperature. The side toward boiler (BL) was subjected to lower temperatures, i.e. in the region mostly between A1 and A3 temperatures. Variations in temperatures and cooling rates, which resulted in microstructural inhomogeneity, are the main cause for the formation and multiplication of stresses leading to the rupture of the tube.
References
S. Chaudhuri: Mat Sci Eng A, 432 (2006) 90-99.
V. Sijacki Zeravcic, G. Bakic, M. Djukic, B. Andjelic: "The Challenge of Materials and Weldments, Structural Integrity & Life Assessment", International Monograph from 9th Int. Frac. Mech. School, Zlatni Pjasci, Bulgaria, Eds. S. Sedmak and Z. Radakovic, MF, DIVK, TMF, Gosa (2008), pp. 183-202.
A. Malik, A. Mereoufer, S. Al-Fozan: J Failure Analysis, 15 (2015) 246-250.
K. Ranjbar: Eng Failure Analysis, 14 (2007) 620-625.
Metals Handbook, "Failure Analysis and Prevention", vol. 11, 9th Edition, American Society for Metals, Eds. G.W. Powell, S. E. Mahmoud, 1986, Metals Park, Ohio, USA.
H. Bhadeshia. R. Honeycombe: "Steels: Microstructure and Properties". 4th Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2017, Amsterdam.
Dj. Drobnjak: Metalurgija-Journal of Metallurgy, 3 (1996) 107-130.
R. Grewal, C. Aranas Jr, K. Chadha, D. Shahriari, M. Jahazi, J. Jonas: Acta Mat, 109 (2016) 23-31.
L.C. Chang: Mat Sci Eng A, 368 (2004), 175-182.
Dj. Drobnjak, A. Koprivica, in "Fundamentals and Applications of Microalloying of Forging Steels", Eds. C.J. Van Tyne, G. Krauss and D.K. Matlock, TMS, 1996.Warrendale, USA.
D. Glišić, N. Radović, A. Koprivica, A. Fadel, Dj. Drobnjak, ISIJ International 50 (2010) 601-606.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Milan Jovanović, Zoran Mišković, Vesna Maksimović, Ivana Cvijović-Alagić
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their published articles online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website, social networks like ResearchGate or Academia), as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Except where otherwise noted, the content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.