Exploring Dicarboxylic Acid Interactions and Surface Chemistry Through X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Authors

  • Ghafoor Ahmad Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
  • Md Wazed Hossan Shehab School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China. c Department of Zoology, Minhaj University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
  • Hosen Md Sajib School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China. c Department of Zoology, Minhaj University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
  • Muhmmad Saleem Department of Zoology, Minhaj University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
  • Md Atoar Hossan Siblu School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
  • Tayyaba Munawar Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
  • Abu Musa Sarkar School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China. c Department of Zoology, Minhaj University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
  • Hafiz Mahmood Ul Hasan Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63278/mme.vi.1661

Keywords:

Dicarboxylic acids; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Surface modification; Surface chemistry; Binding energy shifts.

Abstract

Dicarboxylic acids have become key players in designing functional surfaces, offering precise control over interactions in catalysis, materials science, and environmental applications. However, understanding their complex chemical states and surface behavior remains a challenge. Advanced X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), known for its ability to identify elements and resolve chemical states, is now essential for studying these systems at the molecular level. This review explores recent advancements in cutting-edge XPS techniques, including synchrotron-based, angle-resolved, and ambient-pressure methods, to analyze surfaces modified with dicarboxylic acids. It highlights important findings on metal-ligand interactions, electrical conductivity, and degradation processes in systems like metal-organic frameworks, hydrogels, composite adsorbents, and single-atom catalysts. The discussion focuses on how the shifts in binding energy, peak analysis, and oxidation state mapping connect to functional properties such as adsorption capacity, catalytic performance, and interfacial role. Additionally, the review addresses ongoing challenges, such as beam-induced damage and reactivity under operational conditions, suggesting the integration of operando and multi-modal methods as a way forward. By emphasizing the role of XPS, this review establishes it as a cornerstone technique for unraveling dicarboxylic acid driven surface chemistry, paving the way for the rational design of sustainable and multifunctional materials.

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How to Cite

Ahmad , Ghafoor, Md Wazed Hossan Shehab, Hosen Md Sajib, Muhmmad Saleem, Md Atoar Hossan Siblu, Tayyaba Munawar, Abu Musa Sarkar, and Hafiz Mahmood Ul Hasan. 2025. “Exploring Dicarboxylic Acid Interactions and Surface Chemistry Through X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy”. Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, May, 878-93. https://doi.org/10.63278/mme.vi.1661.

Issue

Vol. 31 No. 5 (2025)

Section

Research

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Ghafoor Ahmad , Md Wazed Hossan Shehab, Hosen Md Sajib , Muhmmad Saleem , Md Atoar Hossan Siblu, Tayyaba Munawar, Abu Musa Sarkar , Hafiz Mahmood Ul Hasan

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