Bead Optimization And Metallurgical Analysis Of Claddings Produced With Recycled Slag In Submerged Arc Welding

Authors

  • Navneet Goyal Department of Mechanical Engineering, SLIET, Longowal, Sangrur, Punjab 148106, India
  • Kulwant Singh Department of Mechanical Engineering, SLIET, Longowal, Sangrur, Punjab 148106, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63278/mme.vi.1651

Keywords:

Slag, flux, cladding, penetration, weld width, reinforcement.

Abstract

The waste slag which is by-product of steel plant has been recycled as a cladding flux for submerged arc welding (SAW). The recycled slag is applied as a flux in SAW for stainless steel cladding. The bead profile in terms of penetration, width of bead and reinforcement have been investigated and compared with that of original fresh flux. The  experiments were performed using central composite design of experiments technique and  optimization was achieved with RSM, to improve the performance of claddings. It observed that recycled slag has produced weld profile at par with that of virgin flux. The weld penetration, width of bead and reinforcement obtained using  recycled slag is 5.25, 15.11 and 3.98 mm, respectively, which is comparable to that of equivalent virgin flux (5.35, 15.22 and 3.87 mm). The width of bead decreased from 11.0 to 8.2 mm as travel speed is increased from 8 to 34 m/hr. The penetration decreased from 7.4 to 5.9 mm, by increasing travel speed from 18 to 34 m/hr. The optimized parameters obtained are: welding current 427 amperes, travel speed 34 m/hr, voltage 34 volts. It is further observed that recycled slag has yielded desirable microstructure having skeletal delta ferrite embedded within austenitic matrix. The compounds formed within microstructure are also compables. This research is a step forward towards ‘waste to wealth’ technology for circular economy.

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How to Cite

Goyal, Navneet, and Kulwant Singh. 2025. “Bead Optimization And Metallurgical Analysis Of Claddings Produced With Recycled Slag In Submerged Arc Welding”. Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, May, 846-60. https://doi.org/10.63278/mme.vi.1651.

Issue

Vol. 31 No. 5 (2025)

Section

Research

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Copyright (c) 2025 Navneet Goyal, Kulwant Singh

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