Pulse spray gas metal arc welding of advanced high strength S650MC automotive steel
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30544/682Keywords:
advanced high strength steels; S650MC; GMAW; pulse spray; microstructure.Abstract
With an increasing demand for safer and greener vehicles, mild steel and high strength steel are being replaced by much stronger advanced high strength steels of thinner gauges. However, the welding process of advanced high strength steels is not developed at the same pace. The performance of these welded automotive structural components depends largely on the external and internal quality of weldment. Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is one of the most common methods used in the automotive industry to join car body parts of dissimilar high strength steels. It is also recognized for its versatility and speed. In this work, after a review of GMAW process and issues in welding of advanced high strength steels, a welding experiment is carried out with varying heat input by using spray and pulse-spray transfer GMAW method with filler wires of three different strength levels. The experiment results, including macro-microstructure, mechanical properties, and microhardness of weld samples, are investigated in detail. Very good weldability of S650MC is demonstrated through the weld joint efficiency > 90%; no crack in bending of weld joints, or fracture of tensile test sample within weld joint or heat affected zone (HAZ), or softening of the HAZ. Pulse spray is superior because of thinner HAZ width and finer microstructure on account of lower heat input. The impact of filler wire strength on weldability is insignificant. However, high strength filler wire (ER100SG) may be chosen as per standard welding practice of matching strength.
References
R. Wadhera, "White Paper on Alternative Fuels for Vehicles - Vision & Recommendations, Alternative Fuels in India", Link Accessed 10 September 2021.
A. Mascarin, T.Hannibal, A.Raghunathan, Z.Ivanic, M.Clark, "Vehicle Light weighting: Mass Reduction Spectrum Analysis and Process Cost Modelling" (Report Number: INL/EXT-16-38001), Link 1363637 Accessed 10 September 2021.
S. Kumar, M. Singhai, R. Desai, S. Sam, P.K. Patra: J Inst Eng (India): Ser. D, 97 (2016) 153-158.
D. Raabe, et al.: Metall Mater Trans A, 51 (2020) 5517-5586.
World Steel Association AISBL, "Home - AHSS Guidelines", Link Accessed 10 September 2021.
M.H. Safa, R. Ramadan, S. Ibrahim: J Pet Min Eng, 19 (2017) 71-80.
K. Sugimoto; S.Sato, J.Kobayashi, A.K. Srivastava: Metals, 9 (2019), 1066.
L. Bejar-Gomez, A. Medina-Flores, H. Carreon, I. Alfonso, J. Bernal-Ponce, J.A. Ascencio: Revista mexicana de física, 55 (2009) 110-113.
A.K. Srivastava, A. Sharma: Am J Mater Eng Technol, 5 (2017) 7-13.
F. Javidan, A. Heidarpour, X-L. Zhao, C.R. Hutchinson, J. Minkkinen: Eng Struct, 118c(2016) 16-27.
P. Zhai, S. Xue, J. Wang, W. Chen, T. Chen, S. Ji: Metals, 10c(2020) 665.
S. Das, J. Vora, V. Patel, S. Bogum: J Phys: Conf Ser, 1950 (2021) 012043.
B. de Meester: ISIJ Int, 37 (1997) 537-551.
H. Wang: Mater Trans, 46 (2005) 593-601.
Welding Answers, "How To Calculate Heat Input From Welding": Link Accessed 10 September 2021.
P. Kah, M. Pirinen, R. Suoranta, J. Matikainen: Adv Mater Res, 849 (2014) 357-365.
X. N. Wang, H.S. Di, C. Zhang, L.X. Du, X.X. Dong: J Iron Steel Res Int, 2012 19:6 (2012) 64-69.
M. Maalekian, ASM Handbook, Volume 6A: Welding Fundamentals and Processes, first ed., ASM International, Ohio, 2011, 122-137.
P.J. Modenesi, R.F. Fajardo, D.B. Santos: Mater Sci Forum, 638-642 (2010) 3704-3709.
J. Gorka: MTAEC9, 50(4) (2016) 617-621.
M.D. Tumuluru, ASM Handbook, Volume 6A: Welding Fundamentals and Processes, first ed., ASM International, Ohio, 2011, 409-422.
C.D. Sorensen, ASM Handbook, Volume 6A: Welding Fundamentals and Processes, first ed., ASM International, Ohio, 2011, 664-677.
G. Meschut, V. Janzen, T. Olfermann: J Mater Eng Perform, 23 (2014) 1515-1523.
R.W. Messler Jr., ASM Handbook, Volume 6A: Welding Fundamentals and Processes, first ed., ASM International, Ohio, 2011, 16-21.
C. Conrardy, ASM Handbook, Volume 6A: Welding Fundamentals and Processes, first ed., ASM International, Ohio, 2011, 309-320.
U.K. Ghosh, Design of Welded Steel Structures: Principles and Practice; first ed., CRC Press: London/New York, 2016, 16-22.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Ashok Kumar Srivastava, Pradip K Patra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their published articles online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website, social networks like ResearchGate or Academia), as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Except where otherwise noted, the content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
From the 2019 year, journal Metallurgical and Materials Engineering is indexed in 
According to the 